germanium ge traders
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This data release provides data for the single site in the United States (U.S.) that has public record of germanium (Ge) production. Germanium, which is currently classified as a critical mineral in the U.S., is also extracted as a byproduct from deposits in Alaska, Washington, and Tennessee.
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Molar volume: 13.63 × 10 -6 3 /mol. Oxidation state: 4. Protons/electrons: 32. Crystal structure: cubic face centered. Chemically similar to tin, germanium is an important semiconductor. Due to its small band gap, germanium is highly sensitive to infrared light and is used as detector material in infrared and Raman spectrometers.
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Technically, germanium is classified as a metalloid or semi-metal. One of a group of elements that possess properties of both metals and non-metals. In its metallic form, germanium is silver in color, hard, …
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Germanium adalah sebuah unsur kimia dengan lambang Ge dan nomor atom 32. Ia berkilau, keras tetapi rapuh, berwarna putih keabu-abuan dan mirip dengan silikon. Ia adalah sebuah metaloid yang berada dalam golongan karbon yang secara kimiawi mirip dengan tetangganya dalam golongannya, silikon dan timah.
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The price of Germanium in Germany declined in the second quarter of 2023 due to the uncertain economic condition in Germany and in overseas markets. In June, the German economy went into recession as the inflation rate was consequently rising. The weak market sentiment provoked the buyers to place large orders as the prices remained on a lower ...
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This data release provides data for the single site in the United States (U.S.) that has public record of germanium (Ge) production. Germanium, which is currently …
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The growth of Ge HWs built upon the epitaxial growth of self-assembled Ge QDs on Si, which was studied extensively in the 1990s 190. 3D self-assembled Ge QDs 191 were obtained by depositing about ...
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The primary sources of worldwide germanium production are Zn-refinery residue and coal fly ash, with recycling of industrial scraps being the secondary source [12].Globally, the main producer of germanium is China, accounting for 80% of world production during 2012–2016 [7].Other producers are Russia, Finland, US, Japan, and …
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Umicore Germanium Optics 11 Abs Coeff (cm-1) (cm-1) µm Absorption Coefficient at 10.6at 8.0 µm A special grade of Ge, called EMI for its ability to shield against electromagnetic interference, has become increasingly important for modern defence applications where other signals can be strong enough to make nearby IR systems ineffective.
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Germanium. Collected on planet surfaces and from asteroids. Germanium, Ge, atomic number 32. Melting point 1211K. Germanium is used in optics and for semiconductors in electronics. Semiconductor detectors allow accurate radiological identification and it is also commonly used in alloys. Type. Raw.
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germanium (Ge), a chemical element between silicon and tin in Group 14 (IVa) of the periodic table, a silvery-gray metalloid, intermediate in properties between the metals and the nonmetals.
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Despite germanium's starring role in the transistor's early history, it was soon supplanted by silicon. But now, remarkably, the material is poised for a comeback. The world's leading-edge ...
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Germanium increased 1,700 CNY/Kg or 21.38% since the beginning of 2023, according to trading on a contract for difference (CFD) that tracks the benchmark market for this …
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The global Germanium Wafer (Ge Wafer) market size was valued at USD Million in 2022 and will reach USD Million in 2028, with a CAGR of Percent during 2022 …
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Description. Germanium detectors are semiconductor diodes having a p-i-n structure in which the intrinsic (i) region is sensitive to ionizing radiation, particularly X-rays and gamma rays. Under reverse bias, an electric field …
به خواندن ادامه دهیدCommon names include germanium-132 (Ge-132) and germanium sesquioxide. A 2012 study examined changes in rat fecal bacteria and found no correlation that Ge-132 accumulated in rat bodies by ...
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The quality of germanium (Ge) epitaxial film grown directly on a silicon (Si) (001) substrate with 6° off-cut using conventional germane precursor in a metal organic chemical vapour deposition (MOCVD) system is studied. The growth sequence consists of several steps at low temperature (LT) at 400 °C, intermediate temperature ramp (LT-HT) …
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Ge: Melting Point: 938.25 °C: Atomic Weight: 72.64: Boiling Point: 2833 °C: Electron Configuration: [Ar]4s 2 3d 10 4p 2: ... Germanium and germanium oxide are transparent to the infrared and are used in infrared spectroscopes and other optical equipment, including extremely sensitive infrared detectors.
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"The requirements are not clear yet," a Chinese trader said. "We do not know exactly what the government will require, but we will try our best to secure an export license." ... The corresponding price …
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Germanium from coal has several drawbacks. Two of the main producers are Russia and Ukraine, and the war has affected supplies to the west from both countries. In the years 2017-20, Russia was supplying 9% of the US germanium requirement, for instance, but this is now likely to have stopped. In response to the Chinese restrictions, …
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germánium, Ge, 32 Latin megnevezés: germanium ... (Ge-132) táplálékkiegészítőként egy sor betegség ellen használatos, így a rák, a krónikus fáradtság, az immungyengeség, az AIDS, a magas vérnyomás, az ízületi gyulladás és az ételallergiák ellen. Eddig nincs tudományosan bizonyítva, hogy javítana a betegek állapotán.
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10 Oct 2023. 3 min read. A gallium oxide wafer made at Hangzhou University in Zhejiang province, China, would likely fall under China's gallium and germanium export controls. …
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The element is a gray-white metalloid. In pure state, the element is crystalline and brittle, retaining its luster in air at room temperature. It is a very important semiconductor. Zone-refining techniques have led to production of crystalline germanium for semiconductor use with an impurity of only one part in 1010.
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On 3 July 2023, China's Ministry of Commerce (MOFCOM) and General Administration of Customs (GAC) announced to implement export controls on gallium and germanium related items from 1 August 2023, aiming to safeguard national security and interest. Gallium and germanium, as well as the related items, are generally considered …
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Germanium-based semiconductors operate at higher frequency required for 5G applications and thus are required for 5G infrastructure [24]. Substitutes for Ge: …
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Germanium (Ge) Manganese (Mn) Strontium (Sr) Beryllium (Be) Hafnium (Hf) Mercury (Hg) Tantalum (Ta) Bismuth (Bi) Indium (In) Molybdenum (Mo) Tellurium …
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China's germanium ingot price has advanced only 1% to 7,250 yuan per kg since Monday. Overseas price offers are rising much faster, amid fears that Beijing may use the permitting system to ...
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Germanium (Ge) Manganese (Mn) Strontium (Sr) Beryllium (Be) Hafnium (Hf) Mercury (Hg) Tantalum (Ta) Bismuth (Bi) ... The world of traders and brokers in these metals is very small, and it is very ...
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Germanium (Ge) ion implantation into silicon waveguides will induce lattice defects in the silicon, which can eventually change the crystal silicon into amorphous silicon and increase the refractive index …
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The global Germanium Wafer (Ge Wafer) market size was valued at USD Million in 2022 and will reach USD Million in 2028, with a CAGR of Percent during 2022-2028. The Germanium Wafer (Ge Wafer ...
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Ge (Li) was later replaced with more advanced, high purity germanium (HPGe) detectors. ORTEC provides a comprehensive suite of HPGe detector solutions covering an extensive range of energies and for a …
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Germanium Sesquioxide. GE-132. GE-OXY-132. Vitamin "O" Pro-Oxygen. Nutrigel 132. Immune Multiple. Germax. Deficiencies of germanium are characterised by a severely reduced immune system, arthritis, osteoarthritis, low energy, and perhaps cancer. However, I have not found enough scientific evidence to support this. 20-30mg per day is …
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Pricing is captured through exhaustive primary interviews with domestic and international manufacturers, traders and importers and customers on monthly and yearly basis. …
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Germanium. J.J. Zhang, J. Ni, in Reference Module in Materials Science and Materials Engineering, 2016 1 Introduction. Germanium (Ge), element #32, was discovered in 1886 by Clemens Winkler. Its first broad application was in the form of point contact Schottky diodes for radar reception during World War II. The addition of a closely spaced second …
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Germanium is imported to the U.S. as germanium metal and dioxide for consumption (U.S. Geological Survey, 2020). Some germanium is recovered from recycling of scrap during the manufacturing process, such as the manufacture of fiber-optic cables (Mercer, 2015).The element germanium largely occurs as a geochemical substitute in …
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Germanium is a chemical element with Ge as its symbol. It belongs to group 14 of the periodic table and its atomic number is 32. Germanium was first located in a rare mineral called argyrodite. However, today it is primarily obtained from the smelting of zinc ores and as a byproduct of burning certain types of coal.
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The "classical" coaxial Ge detector is made of p-type germanium, and is used for spectroscopy of gamma rays. It covers the energy range from 100 keV to several MeV. On the low energy side, its efficiency is limited by the fact that low energy gamma rays cannot penetrate the wall of the cryostat. High energy gamma rays might not be detected ...
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The corresponding price assessment for germanium 99.99% Ge, in-whs Rotterdam, narrowed upward to $1,350-1,400 per kg on July 5 from $1,300-1,400 per kg on June 30. Why gallium and germanium are …
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